上海大学社会学院系列讲座
2016年第30讲总第436讲
题目:Migration, Family Arrangement, and Children’s Health in China
主讲人:黄友琴
纽约州立大学奥尔巴尼分校副教授
主持人:蒋耒文
亚洲人口研究中心主任;美国国家大气研究中心研究科学家
主办单位:上海大学亚洲人口研究中心暨人口研究所
合办单位:上海研究院城市社会治理研究中心
讲座时间:2016年6月23日星期四, 10:00-11:30am
讲座地点:校本部B417
讲座简介:
As China is experiencing an urban revolution with massive rural-to-urban migration, millions of children are profoundly affected by their parents’ migration. With the discriminatory Hukou system and harsh living conditions in cities, the dilemma migrant parents face is whether they bring children to cities or leave them behind. This decision determines the household and community environments their children live in, which in turn shape their wellbeing. With a unique strategy of comparing "left behind children" to "migrant children" and a gendered perspective, this paper examines how migration and different family arrangements among migrants affect their children’s health in China. Analyzing a cross-sectional sample of 916 children aged 5-18, our findings demonstrate the complex impact of migration and family arrangement on children. While migrant children do not necessarily fair better than left behind children, family arrangement has a gendered effect. Migration to cities is more detrimental to teenage girls, while being left behind is more damaging to teenage boys. Parental migration also affects children at different developmental stages differently, with migration in early childhood and teenage years most detrimental to health. Poor housing conditions such as crowding and instability are also detrimental to migrant children. Related policy recommendations are provided.
伴随大规模的乡-城人口流动,中国正经历着一场城市革命,而且成千上万的儿童也受到父母迁移的深刻影响。由于歧视性的户口制度和城市生活条件困难,很多父母面临着是否将孩子带在身边的艰难选择。这种选择决定了儿童日后的家庭和社区生活环境,同样,儿童是否随迁也反过来也影响着父母的生活幸福感。我们以独特的方式对比了"留守儿童"和"随迁儿童"的差别,同时从性别的角度,探讨了中国内部迁移、以及父母迁移后对儿童的安排会如何影响儿童的健康。在分析了916名5-18岁的中国儿童后,研究发现迁移和家庭安排会对儿童产生许多复杂的影响。结论表明,随迁儿童或并非比留守儿童更好,家庭安排对不同性别的儿童影响不同。随父母迁移到城市对青少年女性来说害处更多,而留守对青少年男性来说损害更大。父母的迁移在儿童不同的成长阶段也有着不同的影响,对年龄较小的儿童或青少年而言,父母的迁移主要影响孩子的健康。不好的居住条件,拥挤及不稳定,同样也不利于随迁儿童。针对此结论,我们提供了相关的政策建议,希望能够对儿童的健康产生积极的影响。
主讲人简介:
黄友琴博士是纽约州立大学奥尔巴尼分校地理与规划学系社会与人口研究中心的副教授,以社会经济与空间转型期的中国城市为研究案例,在人口流动和住房消费、邻里变化与城市社会空间重构机理等方面的研究很有建树,在国际上享有盛誉。她参与组建和运行"中国城市研究网络"( Urban China Research Network , UCRN),为中外城市研究学者之间搭建了良好的平台,为中国城市研究的国际化起到了重要作用。
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上海大学社会学院
School of Sociology and Political Science,Shanghai University