2023年1月18日，社会工作系高树玲博士为第一作者，在SSCI期刊《TRAUMA VIOLENCE & ABUSE》上在线发表最新研究成果“The Association Between Child Maltreatment and Pathological Narcissism: A Three-Level Meta-Analytic Review (儿童虐待与病理性自恋之间的关系：一项三水平元分析研究)”。

摘要：

儿童虐待是世界范围内的公共卫生问题，是社会学、心理学等领域关注的焦点。儿童虐待指对儿童有义务抚养、监管及有操纵权的人，做出对其健康、生存、生长发育及尊严造成实际的、或潜在的伤害行为，包括各种形式的躯体虐待、情感虐待、性虐待、忽视及经济性剥削。儿童期虐待是成人精神病理发展及问题行为的一个关键风险因素。病理性自恋是精神病理性人格的一个特征。病理性自恋包括夸大性自恋和脆弱性自恋。前者表现为夸大的思想、情感和行为（例如，夸大的幻想、狂妄自大、权利感、自我宣传癖、寻求仰慕等），以自我增强的动机为特征；后者表现为脆弱的思想、情感和行为（例如，防御性、易受影响的自尊、权利愤怒、羞耻、贬低、社交退缩、自杀倾向等），以情绪调节缺陷为特征。越来越多的实证研究探索了儿童虐待与病理性自恋之间的关系。然而，研究结果并不一致。因此，本研究进行了定量系统综述，研究了儿童虐待与病理性自恋之间的关系，检验了可能的调节变量对二者之间关系的影响。本研究在Web of Science, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar, 及CNKI数据库中进行了系统检索，最终15项研究（包含9141名被试，129个效果量）纳入分析。本研究使用R软件对数据进行了三水平元分析。研究结果表明，儿童虐待与脆弱性自恋呈显著正相关(r=.198; p<.001)。儿童虐待与夸大性自恋也呈显著正相关 (r=.087; p<.001)，但是相关较小。考察不同的虐待类型对儿童虐待与脆弱性自恋之间关系的影响，结果表明儿童忽视(r=.278)对儿童虐待和脆弱性自恋之间关系的影响比躯体虐待(r=.130)的影响更大。相比大于等于18岁的被试(r=.068)，儿童虐待和夸大自恋之间的关系对小于18岁的被试来说更强(r=.187)。相比男性而言，儿童虐待和夸大性自恋之间的关系对女性来说更强。本研究的结果表明，儿童虐待是脆弱性自恋和夸大性自恋发展的风险因素。针对病理性自恋的干预应当意识到儿童虐待伤害给个体人格发展带来的潜在创伤。

Emerging evidence has documented the positive association between child maltreatment and both phenotypes of pathological narcissism (i.e., vulnerable and grandiose narcissism). However, results across these studies are inconsistent. Therefore, the present meta-analysis aimed to examine the extent to which child maltreatment is associated with vulnerable and grandiose narcissism, and whether these associations differed by study or sample characteristics. A systematic literature review was conducted in Web of Science, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Three-level meta-analyses were performed in R to synthesize the effect sizes. A total of 15 studies (N = 9,141 participants) producing 129 effect sizes were included. Results showed that child maltreatment was positively related to both vulnerable narcissism (mean r = .198; p < .001) and grandiose narcissism (mean r = .087; p < .001), but only to a small extent. Further, the association between child maltreatment and vulnerable narcissism was stronger for neglect (r = .278) than for physical abuse (r = .130). The strength of the association between child maltreatment and grandiose narcissism was larger for samples that were on average younger than 18 years (r = .187) than for samples that were on average older than 18 years (r = .068). Also, the strength of the association was stronger for females than for males. Child maltreatment is a risk factor for developing both vulnerable and grandiose narcissism. Interventions targeting pathological narcissism should be aware of potential trauma resulting from victimization of child maltreatment.

关键词： child maltreatment; grandiose narcissism; pathological narcissism; three-level meta-analysis; vulnerable narcissism

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